Which clinical sign indicates a superficial conjunctival disease?

Which clinical sign indicates a superficial conjunctival disease?

• A. Pupil constriction
• B. Conjunctival hyperemia
• C. Corneal edema
• D. Retinal detachment

Answer: (B)

Conjunctival hyperemia is characterized by an increase in blood flow to the conjunctival vessels, leading to a reddish or swollen appearance of the conjunctiva. This clinical sign is often associated with superficial conjunctival diseases, such as conjunctivitis or irritative processes that affect the surface of the eye. In these conditions, inflammation causes vascular engorgement and increased permeability, resulting in the hyperemic appearance. The other options listed pertain to different ocular conditions. Pupil constriction is typically an indication of other eye issues or reflex responses and is not a specific sign of conjunctival disease. Corneal edema involves swelling of the cornea, often resulting from deeper intraocular problems, such as endothelial dysfunction or elevated intraocular pressure, and does not specifically indicate surface conjunctival issues. Retinal detachment, on the other hand, pertains to the separation of the retinal layer from the underlying tissue and reflects severe intraocular pathology, far removed from superficial conjunctival disease. Therefore, conjunctival hyperemia is the most indicative sign within the set of choices that suggests a superficial conjunctival disease.

Conjunctival hyperemia is characterized by an increase in blood flow to the conjunctival vessels, leading to a reddish or swollen appearance of the conjunctiva. This clinical sign is often associated with superficial conjunctival diseases, such as conjunctivitis or irritative processes that affect the surface of the eye. In these conditions, inflammation causes vascular engorgement and increased permeability, resulting in the hyperemic appearance.

The other options listed pertain to different ocular conditions. Pupil constriction is typically an indication of other eye issues or reflex responses and is not a specific sign of conjunctival disease. Corneal edema involves swelling of the cornea, often resulting from deeper intraocular problems, such as endothelial dysfunction or elevated intraocular pressure, and does not specifically indicate surface conjunctival issues. Retinal detachment, on the other hand, pertains to the separation of the retinal layer from the underlying tissue and reflects severe intraocular pathology, far removed from superficial conjunctival disease. Therefore, conjunctival hyperemia is the most indicative sign within the set of choices that suggests a superficial conjunctival disease.